{"id":3580,"date":"2025-04-07T18:25:49","date_gmt":"2025-04-07T18:25:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aomtodayprod.wpenginepowered.com\/?p=3580"},"modified":"2025-07-09T15:20:05","modified_gmt":"2025-07-09T15:20:05","slug":"elon-musk-turned-celebrity-to-infamy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.aom.org\/today\/elon-musk-turned-celebrity-to-infamy\/","title":{"rendered":"Elon Musk Turned Celebrity to Infamy"},"content":{"rendered":"

By Daniel Butcher<\/a><\/p>\n

Elon Musk, the world\u2019s richest person, is a case study of a business founder typecast as a traditional creator, who altered his reputation by not playing to type.<\/p>\n

Previously known for cofounding SpaceX, Tesla, the Boring Company, Neuralink, and OpenAI, Musk changed how the media covered him and how the public saw him after buying Twitter, changing the social media\u2019s company\u2019s name and policies, thwarting Tesla workers\u2019 efforts to unionize, and becoming an outspoken supporter of U.S. President Donald Trump and far-right political parties in other countries.<\/p>\n

Academy of Management Scholar Tim Pollock<\/a> of the University of Tennessee, Knoxville, who has done extensive research on the media\u2019s tendency to typecast CEOs as either a traditional founder\/creator or a reformer\/rebel, said that most people thought Musk was the former initially, but that he\u2019s revealed himself to be more of the latter.<\/p>\n

\u201cFor a long time, Elon Musk was considered a creator, and he still has his fans and people who think he\u2019s great, but he\u2019s become a little bitless of a celebrity and a little bit more infamous to a larger segment of the population, especially with what he did with X,\u201d Pollock said. \u201cSo there\u2019s an example of somebody who was a creator\u2014he made his original fortune when the online banking and payments company he founded, also called X.com, merged with Confinity to form PayPal,he played a key role in cofounding Tesla and SpaceX and is now CEO of both, and he\u2019s started a number of other companies.<\/p>\n

\u201cWe saw him pushing against industry norms and breaking new ground and creating these new businesses and, in some cases, new industries like privatized space travel that his companies were at the forefront of, and he got a lot of credit for that,\u201d he said. \u201cBut then, when he goes in and buys Twitter and changes it in ways that upset many employees and users of the social-media platform, he thinks he\u2019s engaged in the same kinds of things that made him popular\u2014\u2018I’m going to turn this company around\u2019\u2014but made things much worse.<\/p>\n

\u201cAs a consequence, that hurt his reputation, because he wasn\u2019t being a creator\u2014he was taking something that a lot of people liked and broke itfor his own ends, and that would be an example of somebody who acted against type, because we saw him as being in the creator role, then he acted like a rebel, and it\u2019s backfired on him.\u201d<\/p>\n

Goodbye Twitter, hello X<\/strong><\/p>\n

Musk fired most of Twitter\u2019s content-moderators and fact-checkers and rebranded the social-media platform X in 2022. During the 2024 U.S. election cycle, he made \u201cfalse or misleading claims about the U.S. election\u201d that were viewed billions of times on X, according to a report by nonprofit group Center for Countering Digital Hate.<\/p>\n

\u201cWhether or not you share his political views, the way he stripped down the company [X, formerly Twitter], he took away safety protocols, changing the way that they did the blue checkmark verification\u2014he started selling X Premium subscriptions as a requirement to get verified,\u201d Pollock said. \u201cIt made Twitter\u2014now X\u2014less trustworthy as an online community, as a social media site, and then predictably, we saw more conspiracy theories, disinformation, bots, trolling, hate speech, and so on popping up on X, with no guardrails.<\/p>\n

\u201cIt just became a less credible place to get information, because a lot of people used it for their news andmany don\u2019t anymore because they can\u2019t trust the site,\u201d he said. \u201cAs the owner and CEO of X, they blame him for it, and rightly so.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

By Daniel Butcher Elon Musk, the world\u2019s richest person, is a case study of a business founder typecast as a traditional creator, who altered his reputation by not playing to type. Previously known for cofounding SpaceX, Tesla, the Boring Company, Neuralink, and OpenAI, Musk changed how the media covered him and how the public saw […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":3583,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[27,71,22,19],"tags":[],"sp_smart_badges":[],"ppma_author":[70],"class_list":["post-3580","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-c-suite","category-communicating","category-entrepreneurship","category-leadership"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nElon Musk Turned Celebrity to Infamy - Academy of Management Today<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aom.org\/today\/elon-musk-turned-celebrity-to-infamy\/\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Daniel Butcher\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.aom.org\\\/today\\\/elon-musk-turned-celebrity-to-infamy\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.aom.org\\\/today\\\/elon-musk-turned-celebrity-to-infamy\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Daniel Butcher\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.aom.org\\\/today\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/d1297a59039d9ca7bac9d9f0952e508c\"},\"headline\":\"Elon Musk Turned Celebrity to Infamy\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-04-07T18:25:49+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-07-09T15:20:05+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.aom.org\\\/today\\\/elon-musk-turned-celebrity-to-infamy\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":624,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.aom.org\\\/today\\\/elon-musk-turned-celebrity-to-infamy\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.aom.org\\\/today\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/03\\\/elon-musk.webp\",\"articleSection\":[\"C-SUITE\",\"COMMUNICATING\",\"ENTREPRENEURSHIP\",\"LEADERSHIP\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.aom.org\\\/today\\\/elon-musk-turned-celebrity-to-infamy\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.aom.org\\\/today\\\/elon-musk-turned-celebrity-to-infamy\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.aom.org\\\/today\\\/elon-musk-turned-celebrity-to-infamy\\\/\",\"name\":\"Elon Musk Turned Celebrity to Infamy - 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You can reach him at dbutcher@aom.org or via LinkedIn.","sameAs":["https:\/\/aomtodayprod.wpenginepowered.com","https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/danielbutcher\/"],"url":"https:\/\/www.aom.org\/today\/author\/daniel-butcher\/"}]}},"authors":[{"term_id":70,"user_id":4,"is_guest":0,"slug":"daniel-butcher","display_name":"Daniel Butcher","avatar_url":{"url":"https:\/\/www.aom.org\/today\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/DanButcher_Academy-of-Management.webp","url2x":"https:\/\/www.aom.org\/today\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/DanButcher_Academy-of-Management.webp"},"0":null,"1":"","2":"","3":"","4":"","5":"","6":"","7":"","8":""}],"rttpg_featured_image_url":{"full":["https:\/\/www.aom.org\/today\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/elon-musk.webp",1000,720,false],"landscape":["https:\/\/www.aom.org\/today\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/elon-musk.webp",1000,720,false],"portraits":["https:\/\/www.aom.org\/today\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/elon-musk.webp",1000,720,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/www.aom.org\/today\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/elon-musk-150x150.webp",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/www.aom.org\/today\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/elon-musk-300x216.webp",300,216,true],"large":["https:\/\/www.aom.org\/today\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/elon-musk.webp",800,576,false],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/www.aom.org\/today\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/elon-musk.webp",1000,720,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/www.aom.org\/today\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/elon-musk.webp",1000,720,false],"owl_elementor_thumbnail":["https:\/\/www.aom.org\/today\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/elon-musk-600x432.webp",600,432,true],"owl_elementor_team":["https:\/\/www.aom.org\/today\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/elon-musk-350x450.webp",350,450,true],"owl_elementor_testimonial":["https:\/\/www.aom.org\/today\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/elon-musk-100x100.webp",100,100,true]},"rttpg_author":{"display_name":"Daniel Butcher","author_link":"https:\/\/www.aom.org\/today\/author\/daniel-butcher\/"},"rttpg_comment":0,"rttpg_category":"<a href=\"https:\/\/www.aom.org\/today\/category\/c-suite\/\" rel=\"category tag\">C-SUITE<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.aom.org\/today\/category\/communicating\/\" rel=\"category tag\">COMMUNICATING<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.aom.org\/today\/category\/entrepreneurship\/\" rel=\"category tag\">ENTREPRENEURSHIP<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.aom.org\/today\/category\/leadership\/\" rel=\"category tag\">LEADERSHIP<\/a>","rttpg_excerpt":"By Daniel Butcher Elon Musk, the world\u2019s richest person, is a case study of a business founder typecast as a traditional creator, who altered his reputation by not playing to type. Previously known for cofounding SpaceX, Tesla, the Boring Company, Neuralink, and OpenAI, Musk changed how the media covered him and how the public saw…","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.aom.org\/today\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3580","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.aom.org\/today\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.aom.org\/today\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.aom.org\/today\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.aom.org\/today\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3580"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.aom.org\/today\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3580\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.aom.org\/today\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3583"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.aom.org\/today\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3580"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.aom.org\/today\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3580"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.aom.org\/today\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3580"},{"taxonomy":"sp_smart_badges","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.aom.org\/today\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/sp_smart_badges?post=3580"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.aom.org\/today\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=3580"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}